Valve leakage is very common in daily life and industrial production, and the impact is very large. At least, it will cause waste or bring danger to life. For example, tap water valve leakage will lead to serious consequences, such as toxic, harmful, flammable, explosive and corrosive dielectric leakage in the chemical industry, which will seriously threaten personal safety, property safety and environmental pollution. A valve that relies on external force to rotate to open and close is designed with a sealing device, which is used to install a certain number of packing sealing rings in the packing culvert, so as to achieve the sealing effect. But what is the sealing condition? The leakage at the packing of the valve is one of the parts of the valve that are prone to leakage failure, but the reasons are mainly caused by the following aspects.

1、密封副結(jié)構(gòu)

1. Sealing auxiliary structure

在溫度或密封力作用的變化下，密封副的結(jié)構(gòu)就會(huì)發(fā)生變化。而且這種變化會(huì)影響和改變密封副相互之間的作用力，從而使閥門密封的性能減小。因此，在選擇密封件時(shí)，一定要選擇具有彈性變形的密封件。同時(shí)，也要注意密封面的寬度。原因在于密封副的接觸面不能完全吻合，當(dāng)密封面寬度增加，就要加大密封所需要的作用力。

Under the change of temperature or sealing force, the structure of the sealing pair will change. And this change will affect and change the force between the sealing pairs, thus reducing the performance of the valve seal. Therefore, when selecting seals, be sure to select seals with elastic deformation. At the same time, pay attention to the width of the sealing surface. The reason is that the contact surface of the sealing pair cannot be completely matched. When the width of the sealing surface increases, the force required for sealing shall be increased.

2、密封面比壓

2. Specific pressure of sealing surface

密封面的比壓大小影響著閥門密封性能大小和閥門的使用壽命。因此，密封面比壓也是非常重要的一個(gè)因素。在相同的條件下，比壓太大會(huì)引起閥門的損壞，但比壓太小酒會(huì)造成閥門泄漏。因此，需要我們?cè)谠O(shè)要充分考慮到比壓的合適度。

The specific pressure of the sealing surface affects the sealing performance of the valve and the service life of the valve. Therefore, the specific pressure of the sealing surface is also a very important factor. Under the same conditions, the valve will be damaged if the specific pressure is too high, but the valve will leak if the specific pressure is too low. Therefore, we need to fully consider the suitability of specific pressure in the design.

3、介質(zhì)的物理性質(zhì)

3. Physical properties of media

介質(zhì)的物理性質(zhì)也影響到閥門密封性能。這些物理性質(zhì)包括溫度，粘度和表面的親水性等。溫度變化不僅影響著密封副的松弛度和零件尺寸的改變，還與氣體的粘度有著密不可分的關(guān)系。氣體粘度隨著溫度的升高或降低而增大或減小。因此，為了減少溫度對(duì)閥門密封性能的影響程度，我們?cè)谶M(jìn)行密封副設(shè)，要把其設(shè)計(jì)成彈性閥座等具有熱補(bǔ)償性的閥門。粘度與流體的滲透能力有關(guān)。當(dāng)在相同條件下時(shí)，粘度越大，流體的滲透能力就越小。表面的親水性是指在金屬表面有一層薄膜時(shí)，要去掉這層薄膜。因?yàn)檫@層很薄的油膜，會(huì)破壞表面的親水性，導(dǎo)致堵塞流體的通道。

The physical properties of the medium also affect the sealing performance of the valve. These physical properties include temperature, viscosity and surface hydrophilicity. The change of temperature not only affects the relaxation of sealing pair and the change of part size, but also has an inseparable relationship with the viscosity of gas. The gas viscosity increases or decreases with the increase or decrease of temperature. Therefore, in order to reduce the influence of temperature on the sealing performance of the valve, when we design the sealing pair, we should design it as a valve with thermal compensation, such as an elastic valve seat. Viscosity is related to the permeability of the fluid. Under the same conditions, the greater the viscosity, the smaller the permeability of the fluid. The hydrophilicity of the surface refers to the removal of a thin film on the metal surface. Because this thin oil film will destroy the hydrophilicity of the surface and block the channel of the fluid.

4、密封副的質(zhì)量

4. Quality of sealing pair

密封副質(zhì)量主要是指我們要對(duì)材料的選擇，匹配，制造精度上進(jìn)行把關(guān)。比如，閥瓣與閥座密封面很吻合，能提高密封性。環(huán)向波紋度多的特點(diǎn)，是其迷宮密封性能好。

The quality of sealing pair mainly means that we should check the selection, matching and manufacturing accuracy of materials. For example, the sealing surface of valve clack and valve seat is very consistent, which can improve the sealing performance. Its labyrinth sealing performance is good because of its many circumferential waviness.

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