截止閥是指關(guān)閉件(閥瓣)沿閥座中線移動(dòng)的閥門。根據(jù)閥瓣的這種移動(dòng)形式，閥座通口的變化是與閥瓣行程成正比例關(guān)系。由于該類閥門的閥桿開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉行程相對(duì)較短，而且具有非常可靠的切斷功能，又由于閥座通口的變化與閥瓣的行程成正比例關(guān)系，非常適合于對(duì)流量的調(diào)節(jié)。因此，這種類型的閥門非常適合作為切斷或調(diào)節(jié)以及節(jié)流使用。
Stop valve refers to the valve whose closing part (disc) moves along the centerline of the valve seat. According to this movement form of the valve disc, the change of the valve seat opening is in direct proportion to the stroke of the valve disc. Because the opening or closing stroke of the valve stem of this kind of valve is relatively short, and has a very reliable cutting function, and because the change of the valve seat opening is in direct proportion to the stroke of the valve disc, it is very suitable for the regulation of flow. Therefore, this type of valve is very suitable for cut-off or regulation and throttling.
截止閥的閥瓣一旦從關(guān)閉位置移開(kāi)，它的閥座和閥瓣密封面之間就不再有接觸，因而它的密封面機(jī)械磨損很小，故其密封性能是很好的，缺點(diǎn)是密封面間可能會(huì)夾住流動(dòng)介質(zhì)中的顆粒。但是，如果把閥瓣做成鋼球或瓷球，這個(gè)問(wèn)題也就迎韌而解了。由于大部分截止閥的閥座和閥瓣比較容易修理或更換，而且在修理或更換密封元件時(shí)無(wú)需把整個(gè)閥門從管線上拆卸下來(lái)，這在閥門和管線焊成一體的場(chǎng)合是非常適用的。
Once the valve disc of the stop valve is removed from the closed position, there will be no contact between its seat and the sealing surface of the valve disc. Therefore, the mechanical wear of its sealing surface is very small, so its sealing performance is very good. The disadvantage is that the particles in the flowing medium may be clamped between the sealing surfaces. However, if the valve disc is made into steel ball or porcelain ball, this problem will be solved. Because the valve seat and disc of most stop valves are relatively easy to repair or replace, and there is no need to disassemble the whole valve from the pipeline when repairing or replacing the sealing elements, it is very applicable when the valve and pipeline are welded into one.
由于介質(zhì)通過(guò)此類閥門時(shí)的流動(dòng)方向發(fā)生了變化，因此截止閥的流阻也較高于大多數(shù)其他類型的閥門。然而，根據(jù)閥體結(jié)構(gòu)和閥桿相對(duì)于進(jìn)、出口通道的布局，這種狀況是可以改變的。同時(shí)。由于截止閥瓣開(kāi)與關(guān)之間行程小，密封面又能承受多次啟閉，因此它很適用于需要頻繁開(kāi)關(guān)的場(chǎng)合。
As the flow direction of medium passing through such valves has changed, the flow resistance of stop valves is also higher than that of most other types of valves. However, this situation can be changed according to the structure of the valve body and the layout of the valve stem relative to the inlet and outlet channels. At the same time. Because the stroke between the opening and closing of the stop valve disc is small, and the sealing surface can withstand multiple opening and closing, it is very suitable for occasions requiring frequent opening and closing.
截止閥可用于大部分介質(zhì)流程系統(tǒng)中。已研制出滿足石化、電力、冶金、城建、化工等部門各種用途的多種形式的截止閥。
Stop valves can be used in most media process systems. Various forms of stop valves have been developed to meet various uses in petrochemical, electric power, metallurgy, urban construction, chemical and other departments.
截止閥的使用普遍，但由于開(kāi)啟和關(guān)閉力矩較大、結(jié)構(gòu)長(zhǎng)度較長(zhǎng)，通常公稱通徑都限制在250mm 以下，也有到400mm 的，但選用時(shí)需特別注意進(jìn)出口方向。一般15Omm 以下的截止閥介質(zhì)大都從閥瓣的下方流入，而2O0mm 以上的截止閥介質(zhì)大都從閥瓣的上方流入。這是考慮到閥門的關(guān)閉力矩所致。為了減小開(kāi)啟或關(guān)閉力矩，一般2O0mm 以上的截止閥都設(shè)內(nèi)旁通或外旁通閥門。
Globe valves are widely used. However, due to the large opening and closing torque and long structural length, the nominal diameter is usually limited to less than 250mm, and some to 400mm. However, special attention should be paid to the inlet and outlet direction when selecting. Generally, most of the stop valve media below 15mm flows from below the valve disc, while most of the stop valve media above 2o0mm flows from above the valve disc. This is due to the closing torque of the valve. In order to reduce the opening or closing torque, the stop valves above 2o0mm are generally equipped with internal bypass or external bypass valves.
截止閥明顯的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是：
The obvious advantages of stop valve are:
在開(kāi)啟和關(guān)閉過(guò)程中，由于閥瓣與閥體密封面間的摩擦力比閘閥小，因而耐磨。( 2 )開(kāi)啟高度一般僅為閥座通道直徑的l / 4 ，因此比閘閥小得多。
In the process of opening and closing, the friction between the valve disc and the sealing surface of the valve body is smaller than that of the gate valve, so it is wear-resistant. (2) the opening height is generally only L / 4 of the diameter of the valve seat channel, so it is much smaller than the gate valve.
通常在閥體和閥瓣上只有一個(gè)密封面，因而制造工藝性比較好，便于維修。但是，截止閥的缺點(diǎn)也是不容忽視的。其缺點(diǎn)主要是流阻系數(shù)比較大，因此造成壓力損失，特別是在液壓裝置中，這種壓力損失尤為明顯。
Generally, there is only one sealing surface on the valve body and disc, so the manufacturing process is relatively good and easy to maintain. However, the shortcomings of stop valve can not be ignored. Its disadvantage is that the flow resistance coefficient is relatively large, resulting in pressure loss, especially in hydraulic devices.
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