閘閥（gate valve）是一個(gè)啟閉件閘板，閘板的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向與流體方向相垂直，閘閥只能作全開(kāi)和全關(guān)，不能作調(diào)節(jié)和節(jié)流。閘閥通過(guò)閥座和閘板接觸進(jìn)行密封，通常密封面會(huì)堆焊金屬材料以增加耐磨性，如堆焊1Cr13、STL6、不銹鋼等。閘板有剛性閘板和彈性閘板，根據(jù)閘板的不同，閘閥分為剛性閘閥和彈性閘閥。
The gate valve is a gate with opening and closing parts. The movement direction of the gate is perpendicular to the fluid direction. The gate valve can only be fully opened and fully closed, not adjusted and throttled. The gate valve is sealed by the contact between the valve seat and the gate. Usually, the sealing surface will be overlaid with metal materials to increase the wear resistance, such as overlaying 1Cr13, stl6, stainless steel, etc. The gate valve has rigid gate valve and elastic gate valve. According to different gate valves, the gate valve is divided into rigid gate valve and elastic gate valve.
閘閥的啟閉件是閘板，閘板的運(yùn)動(dòng)方向與流體方向相垂直，閘閥只能作全開(kāi)和全關(guān)，不能作調(diào)節(jié)和節(jié)流。閘板有兩個(gè)密封面，常用的模式閘板閥的兩個(gè)密封面形成楔形、楔形角隨閥門(mén)參數(shù)而異，通常為5°，介質(zhì)溫度不高時(shí)為2°52'。楔式閘閥的閘板可以做成一個(gè)整體，叫做剛性閘板；也可以做成能產(chǎn)生微量變形的閘板，以改善其工藝性，彌補(bǔ)密封面角度在加工過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的偏差，這種閘板叫做彈性閘板。閘閥關(guān)閉時(shí)，密封面可以只依靠介質(zhì)壓力來(lái)密封，即依靠介質(zhì)壓力將閘板的密封面壓向另一側(cè)的閥座來(lái)保證密封面的密封，這就是自密封。
The opening and closing part of the gate valve is the gate, and the movement direction of the gate is perpendicular to the fluid direction. The gate valve can only be fully opened and closed, not adjusted and throttled. The ram has two sealing surfaces. In the common mode, the two sealing surfaces of the ram valve form a wedge, and the wedge angle varies with the valve parameters, usually 5 °, and 2 ° 52 'when the medium temperature is not high. The gate of wedge gate valve can be made into a whole, which is called rigid gate valve; It can also be made into a ram that can produce slight deformation to improve its manufacturability and make up for the deviation of the angle of the sealing surface in the processing process. This kind of ram is called elastic ram. When the gate valve is closed, the sealing surface can be sealed only by the medium pressure, that is, the sealing surface of the gate valve can be pressed to the valve seat on the other side by the medium pressure to ensure the sealing of the sealing surface, which is self sealing.
大部分閘閥是采用強(qiáng)制密封的，即閥門(mén)關(guān)閉時(shí)，要依靠外力強(qiáng)行將閘板壓向閥座，以保證密封面的密封性。閘閥的閘板隨閥桿一起作直線(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的，叫升降桿閘閥，亦叫明桿閘閥。通常在升降桿上有梯形螺紋，通過(guò)閥門(mén)頂端的螺母以及閥體上的導(dǎo)槽，將旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)變?yōu)橹本€(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，也就是將操作轉(zhuǎn)矩變?yōu)椴僮魍屏Α?/div>
Most gate valves are forced sealed, that is, when the valve is closed, the gate shall be forced to the valve seat by external force to ensure the tightness of the sealing surface. The gate of the gate valve moves in a straight line with the valve stem, which is also called rising stem gate valve. Generally, there are trapezoidal threads on the lifting rod. Through the nut at the top of the valve and the guide groove on the valve body, the rotary motion is changed into linear motion, that is, the operating torque is changed into operating thrust.
開(kāi)啟閥門(mén)時(shí)，當(dāng)閘板提升高度等于閥門(mén)通徑的1：1倍時(shí)，流體的通道暢通，但在運(yùn)行時(shí)，此位置是無(wú)法監(jiān)視的。實(shí)際使用時(shí)，是以閥桿的頂點(diǎn)作為標(biāo)志，即開(kāi)不動(dòng)的位置，作為它的全開(kāi)位置。
When the valve is opened, when the lifting height of the ram is equal to 1:1 times the valve diameter, the fluid channel is unblocked, but this position cannot be monitored during operation. In actual use, the vertex of the valve stem is used as the mark, that is, the position that cannot be opened is used as its fully open position.
為考慮溫度變化出現(xiàn)鎖死現(xiàn)象，通常在開(kāi)到頂點(diǎn)位置上，再倒回1/2－1圈，作為全開(kāi)閥門(mén)的位置。因此，閥門(mén)的全開(kāi)位置，按閘板的位置即行程來(lái)確定。有的閘閥，閥桿螺母設(shè)在閘板上，手輪轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)帶動(dòng)閥桿轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)，而使閘板提升，這種閥門(mén)叫做旋轉(zhuǎn)桿閘閥，或叫暗桿閘閥。
In order to consider the locking phenomenon caused by temperature change, it is usually opened to the peak position and then turned back 1 / 2-1 turn as the position of fully open valve. Therefore, the fully open position of the valve is determined according to the position of the ram, that is, the travel. For some gate valves, the valve stem nut is set on the ram, and the rotation of the hand wheel drives the valve stem to rotate and lift the ram. This kind of valve is called rotary rod gate valve or Non rising rod gate valve.
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